Figures from the 2011 census have revealed that 22% of Londoners do not speak English as their first language.
London has the best levels of good health among its population, according to the census - at 84%, compared with 81% nationally.
The city also has relatively few people whose daily activities are limited because of disabilities or health problems - with the London borough of Wandsworth bottom of the list for all local authorities.
The census appeared to confirm a boom in cycling in London, with 161,700, or 2.6% of the population, using this form of transport to get to work in the capital.
This compared with 77,000 a decade ago, the ONS said, but these figures were not strictly comparable as the 2001 figures did not include those people who said they worked from home.
Meanwhile 50%, or two million people, used public transport to get to work in London.
Here is a breakdown of the main 20 mother-tongues spoken by people in the UK, according to the 2011 Census.
Of all the regions in the UK, London had the highest proportion (22%) of people for whom English was not their first language (in the North East it was as low as 3%). And within the city, Newham stands out the most, with 41% of the population speaking a language other than English.
In all but three of the London boroughs - the City of London, Richmond Upon Thames, and Hillingdon - more than 100 languages were listed as main languages.
And Ealing now has the highest number of Polish speakers, at 6% of their population. Polish is now the second most common mother-tongue across the UK - with 546,000 speakers throughout the country.
Figures from the 2011 census have revealed that 22% of Londoners do not speak English as their first language. That's 1.7million people who have a different mother-tongue.
Nationally, the figure stood at only 8% - around four million people.